NeurIPS 2026 · Competition Track

The Smart Buildings ChallengeLearning Foundation Models for Real-World Optimization at Scale

Build a single HVAC control policy that generalizes across commercial buildings it has never seen, jointly minimizing energy, carbon, and discomfort. A step toward scaling ML-driven building optimization across the globe.

About the challenge

Building control policies rarely transfer

Buildings cause nearly 40% of carbon emissions in the U.S. Of that total, HVAC systems are responsible for roughly 40 to 60%, and account for about 15% of global energy consumption. Yet despite advances in AI, most buildings still run about as inefficiently as they did decades ago.

The biggest obstacle is the lack of policy transfer. Most building control systems, whether simulation-based or learned, only work well for the building they were developed for, and fail to generalize to others.

To break through this, we propose a challenge to develop building foundation models that adapt to new buildings with minimal configuration, so building optimization can finally scale globally.

Participants build control policies on a set of simulated buildings, then have those policies evaluated on an unseen set of buildings that vary in size, layout, weather, material properties, and HVAC system. Success here would mark a real leap for global sustainability and show what ML can do against climate change.

The official competition rules are on the Kaggle rules page.

The shape of the problem

A foundation model for building control

The same policy is deployed, unchanged, on buildings it has never encountered, inferring its strategy from the building description and live sensor stream it is handed at runtime.

Generalize, don't tune

The goal is not to optimize one controller for one building. It is to learn one policy that works across arbitrary floor plans, HVAC topologies, and climates.

Hybrid action space

At each 5-minute step the policy issues discrete on/off commands and continuous setpoints, and their dimensions change from building to building.

Comfort vs. energy vs. carbon

A regret-based reward forces a genuine tradeoff: condition aggressively and burn energy, or switch off and lose comfort. The objectives pull against each other.

Key dates & prizes

$40k
Total prize pool: Kaggle code competition, first paper round, and second paper round
Sponsored by

Key dates

Nov 13, 2026
Round One deadline (NeurIPS poster)
Dec 13, 2026
NeurIPS Workshop in Paris
Jan 15, 2027
Final deadline

Main leaderboard: $25,000

Ranked on the Kaggle private leaderboard. Deadline January 15, 2027.

PlacePrize (USD)
1st$5,750
2nd$3,750
3rd$3,000
4th to 8th$2,500 each

Paper track: $15,000

NeurIPS Poster Paper Awards. Deadline November 13, 2026.

PlacePrize (USD)
1st$1,000
2nd$750
3rd$500
4th to 14th$250 each

Final Paper Awards. Deadline January 15, 2027.

PlacePrize (USD)
1st$3,000
2nd$1,750
3rd$750
4th to 12th$500 each